\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3000\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u6574\u4f53<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u603b\u662f\u68a6\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u592a\u7a7a\u4eba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u91cc\u4fee\u4e60\u822a\u7a7a\u5b66\u4e0e\u592a\u7a7a\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u89e6\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\u201d\uff08systems theory\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u4fbf\u88ab\u5b83\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5386\u7a0b\u56e0\u800c\u8f6c\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u5730\u7403\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b66\u95ee\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u4f46\u6211\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5fd8\u60c5\u4e8e\u6709\u671d\u4e00\u65e5\u80fd\u4eb2\u8eab\u4f53\u9a8c\u90a3\u79cd\u9068\u6e38\u592a\u7a7a\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff1b\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u770b\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u8258\u592a\u7a7a\u8239\u963f\u6ce2\u7f57\u53f7\u6240\u5e26\u56de\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6240\u6444\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u671b\u66f4\u662f\u4e45\u4e45\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u7ec8\u4e8e\uff0c\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u9886\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\u7814\u4e60\u8425\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u524d\u6765\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u592a\u7a7a\u4eba\u53f2\u7ef4\u52a0\u7279\uff08Rusty Schweickart\uff09\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u6211\u4ece\u53f2\u7ef4\u52a0\u7279\u90a3\u513f\u5f97\u77e5\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u5173\u592a\u7a7a\u4eba\u5728\u9065\u8fdc\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u63a2\u9669\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u3002\u592a\u7a7a\u4eba\u5728\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e86\u4e00\u8d9f\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u603b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7740\u4ee5\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u5411\u4e16\u4eba\u8bf4\u660e\u90a3\u79cd\u7ff1\u7fd4\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5c5e\u661f\u7403\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u53f2\u7ef4\u52a0\u7279\u672c\u4eba\u5219\u5728\u5185\u5fc3\u6323\u624e\u4e86\u4e94\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e76\u53d1\u89c9\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8a00\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u767d\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u6df7\u6c8c\u5b87\u5b99<\/p>\n
\u3000\u30001974\u5e74\u590f\u5929\uff0c\u53f2\u7ef4\u52a0\u7279\u5e94\u9080\u524d\u5f80\u7ebd\u7ea6\u957f\u5c9b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u805a\u4f1a\u4e0a\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u8bb2\u9898\u662f\u6709\u5173\u201c\u884c\u661f\u7684\u6587\u5316\u201d\uff08planetary culture\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u6b21\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u5206\u4eab\u4e2a\u4eba\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u592a\u7a7a\u4eba\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6574\u4f53\u5171\u540c\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u7ecf\u5386\u3002\u4ed6\u9886\u609f\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u592a\u7a7a\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7c7b\u611f\u89c9\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff1a\u201c\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u4ee5\u6211\u7684\u773c\u775b\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6211\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u53bb\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u773c\u775b\u4e0e\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u79bb\u5f00\u5730\u7403\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u592a\u7a7a\u770b\u5730\u7403\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u66ff\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u770b\u5730\u7403\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u5411\u4eba\u7c7b\u62a5\u544a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u201d\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f53\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u6240\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u4f7f\u542c\u4f17\u89c9\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\u8239\u4e0a\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\u3000\u3000\u201c\u4f60\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u949f\u5934\u73af\u7ed5\u5730\u7403\u4e00\u5708\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u5708\u53c8\u4e00\u2018\u56e0\u5730\u5468\u800c\u590d\u59cb\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4f60\u5728\u65e9\u4e0a\u9192\u6765\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f60\u6b63\u597d\u5728\u4e2d\u4e1c\u3001\u5317\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u4e0a\u7a7a\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u5403\u65e9\u9910\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u4ece\u7a97\u53e3\u671b\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u3001\u7f57\u9a6c\u3001\u5317\u975e\u6d32\u3001\u897f\u5948\u534a\u5c9b\u548c\u6574\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7ecf\u8fc7\u3002\u4f60\u660e\u767d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u77a5\u6240\u770b\u89c1\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u6447\u7bee\u3002\u4e00\u9762\u770b\u7740\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u666f\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u9762\u56de\u987e\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u80fd\u60f3\u8c61\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u201c\u5f53\u4f60\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5317\u975e\u6d32\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5370\u5ea6\u6d0b\uff0c\u773a\u671b\u5e7f\u5927\u5370\u5ea6\u5927\u9646\u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u9521\u5170\u3001\u7f05\u7538\u3001\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u3002\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u5230\u4e86\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u4e0a\u7a7a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u63a0\u8fc7\u6d69\u701a\u7684\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6c34\u57df\uff0c\u4f60\u4ee5\u524d\u4ece\u672a\u4f53\u8ba4\u5230\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u5e7f\u5927\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4f60\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5dde\u6d77\u5cb8\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u4f60\u6240\u719f\u6089\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff1a\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u3001\u51e4\u51f0\u57ce\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u770b\u5230\u4f11\u65af\u987f\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u662f\u592a\u7a7a\u4eba\u7684\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u89c1\u5706\u9876\u7684\u5929\u4f53\u89c2\u6d4b\u5ba4\u3002\u4f60\u5bf9\u90a3\u91cc\u6709\u8ba4\u540c\u611f\uff0c\u4f60\u611f\u89c9\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u8d8a\u8fc7\u65b0\u5965\u5c14\u826f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4fef\u89c6\u5357\u65b9\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u4f38\u51fa\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u4f5b\u7f57\u91cc\u8fbe\u534a\u5c9b\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u98de\u8d8a\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\uff0c\u53c8\u56de\u5230\u975e\u6d32\u4e0a\u7a7a\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u201c\u90a3\u79cd\u611f\u60c5\u662f\u5bf9\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u4f53\u611f\uff1a\u6700\u521d\u662f\u5bf9\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u7684\u4e00\u4f53\u611f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f\u5bf9\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u3001\u51e4\u51f0\u57ce\u3001\u65b0\u5965\u5c14\u826f\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f60\u5c06\u5bf9\u5317\u975e\u6709\u4e00\u4f53\u611f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f\u2026\u2026\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u822a\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e86\u4f60\u539f\u5148\u6240\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u5f00\u59cb\u770b\u6e05\u4f60\u6240\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u662f\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f60\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u201c\u4f60\u5411\u4e0b\u4fef\u89c6\uff0c\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u60f3\u89c1\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0e\u56fd\u754c\u662f\u4f60\u518d\u4e09\u6a2a\u8d8a\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u751a\u81f3\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u754c\u7ebf\u3002\u5728\u5c0f\u61a9\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u6218\u706b\u9891\u4f20\u7684\u4e2d\u4e1c\uff0c\u7531\u4ee5\u5f80\u5f97\u77e5\u7684\u8baf\u606f\uff0c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u5404\u56fd\u5728\u81ea\u8bbe\u7684\u56fd\u754c\u4e0a\u4e92\u76f8\u6b8b\u6740\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u4ece\u4f60\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u7f8e\u4e3d\u3002\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u53cc\u624b\u4ece\u4e89\u6218\u7684\u4e24\u65b9\u5404\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0a\u6765\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a\u2018\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u4fbf\u4f1a\u4e86\u89e3\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000 \u6ca1\u6709\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u6574\u4f53<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u4ed6\u63a5\u7740\u8bf4\uff1a
\n\u3000\u3000\u201c\u624d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u6279\u592a\u7a7a\u4eba\u53bb\u4e86\u6708\u7403\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u90a3\u91cc\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u5730\u7403\u975e\u5e38\u6e3a\u5c0f\uff0c\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9c9c\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u5c0f\u7403\uff0c\u4e0a\u8986\u4ee5\u94f6\u767d\u8272\u88c5\u9970\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u6751\u4ee5\u4e00\u7247\u9ed1\u8272\u7684\u5929\u7a7a\u3001\u65e0\u57a0\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u3002\u201d
\n\u3000\u3000\u201c\u5728\u6708\u7403\u4e0a\u770b\u5730\u7403\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u53d8\u6210\u5982\u6b64\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\uff0c\u4f60\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u62c7\u6307\u906e\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u5c0f\u70b9\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f60\u800c\u8a00\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u660e\u3001\u8bd7\u6b4c\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u6e38\u620f\u6b22\u4e50\u3001\u751f\u6b7b\u7231\u6068\u3001\u6218\u4e89\u8feb\u5bb3\u2026\u2026\uff0c\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c7\u6307\u76d6\u4f4f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u70b9\u4e0a\u3002\u201d
\n\u3000\u3000\u201c\u800c\u4f60\u4f53\u8ba4\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff1b\u4f60\u8ddf\u4ece\u524d\u5df2\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7a81\u7136\u4f60\u7684\u6444\u5f71\u673a\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5230\u592a\u7a7a\u8231\u5916\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u77ac\u95f4\u4f60\u4f1a\u7a81\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u987f\u609f\uff1a\u4f60\u4e0d\u518d\u7f6e\u8eab\u4e8e\u5ba4\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\u8231\u5916\u9762\uff0c\u4e3e\u76ee\u56db\u671b\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fb9\u754c\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u6846\u6846\uff1b\u90a3\u79cd\u611f\u89c9\u4e0e\u7531\u5ba4\u5185\u900f\u8fc7\u7a97\u6237\u7684\u6846\u6846\u5f80\u5916\u770b\u5230\u7684\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u201d
\n\u3000\u3000\u501f\u7740\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u98d8\u6d6e\uff0c\u53f2\u7ef4\u52a0\u7279\u53d1\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u601d\u8003\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u662f\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u80fd\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u2014\u2014\u76f4\u63a5\u4f53\u9a8c\u5730\u7403\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u5927\u81ea\u7136\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5185\uff09\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u6574\u4f53\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u6240\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u6574\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6240\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6240\u6709\u754c\u7ebf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56fd\u754c\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5f3a\u884c\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5f88\u8bbd\u523a\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u540e\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e9b\u754c\u9650\u56f0\u4f4f\u4e86\u3002
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\n\u3000\u3000\u5bf9\u53f2\u7ef4\u52a0\u7279\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u4ef6\u5177\u6709\u7279\u522b\u51b2\u51fb\u529b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\uff0c\u5f97\u77e5\u4e86\u7531\u51e0\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u76d6\u5a05\u201d\uff08Gala\uff09\u7684\u5047\u8bf4\uff0c\u5373\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u751f\u547d\u6784\u6210\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5708\uff0c\u81ea\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u6df1\u690d\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u6587\u5316\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4f8b\u3002\u53f2\u7ef4\u52a0\u7279\u8bf4\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u201c\u6263\u52a8\u6211\u5fc3\u6df1\u5904\u7684\u5f26\uff0c\u5b83\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8ba9\u8eab\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6211\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u8c08\u8bba\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u751a\u81f3\u672a\u80fd\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\u8ff0\u8bf4\u3002\u6211\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u6cd5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e86\u5730\u7403\uff0c\u5e76\u4f53\u4f1a\u4e86\u5730\u7403\u6574\u4f53\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\u201d\u3002
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\n\u3000\u3000\u67d0\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u5b83\u5fc5\u7136\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u5168\u90fd\u6709\u5173\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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